Invasive ductal carcinomas of breast showing partial reversed cell polarity are associated with lymphatic tumor spread / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between partial reversed cell polarity (PRCP) and lymphatic tumor spread in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC), not othervise specified (NOS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Immunohistochemistry (EnVision method) was used to examine the expression of epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and the reversed cell polarity in 199 cases of IDC.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 199 cases, including five cases with micropapillary differentiation,30 cases with PRCP and 164 cases of IDC-NOS (without micropapillary differentiation and/or PRCP), lymphovascular invasion was seen in four (4/5), 13(43.3%) and 30 cases (18.3%) respectively; nodal metastasis was seen in four (4/5), 19 (63.3%) and 56 cases (34.1%) respectively. The rates of lymphovascular invasion and nodal metastasis were significantly higher in IDC with PRCP or IMPC than IDC-NOS (P = 0.00); there was however no significant difference between IDC with PRCP and IMPC for lymphovascular invasion and nodal metastasis (P = 0.18, P = 0.64).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>IDC with PRCP, similar to IMPC, is more likely to show lymphovascular invasion and nodal metastasis. Complete or partial reversal of cell polarity may play a significant role in lymphatic tumor spread.</p>

Relationship between placental pathology and small-for-gestational age neonates / 中华病理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between pathological abnormalities of placenta and small-for-gestational-age neonates.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred placentas of small-for-gestational-age (SGA group) and 200 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA group) with single living birth in third trimester were investigated by gross and microscopic examination. The AGA placentas were collected from 2 cases following every SGA placenta. All cases were collected from Shanghai Changning District Maternity and Infant Health Hospital from January 2010 to December 2011.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The gestational week, neonatal birth weight, full-term neonatal birth weight, the preterm birth rate and vaginal spontaneous delivery rate were significantly lower in SGA group than that in AGA group (P < 0.002). Full-term placental volume, placental weight and fetal placental weight ratio were lower in SGA group than that in AGA group (P < 0.05). Unusual insertion and torsion of umbilical cord were more common in SGA group (P < 0.05). Syncytial knots increase, avascular villi and villous infarcts were significantly higher in SGA group (P < 0.005), but there were no significant difference between SGA group and AGA group in intervillous thrombi, chronic villitis and chorangiosis (P > 0.05). Gestational hypertension disease and abnormality of fetal monitoring were more common in SGA group (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Gestational hypertension disease is the main clinical cause of SGA. Some placental abnormality can affect the growth and development of intrauterine fetus.</p>